Sunstroke or heatstroke is a condition caused by overheating of the body. Often caused by working, laboring or exercising in a high temperature environment. Usually occurs when the body temperature reaches 40 degrees. Celsius or more and usually occurs in summer or in areas with high humidity. It can cause damage to vital organs such as the brain, heart, lungs, kidneys and muscles. There will be a chance of dangerous complications.
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Dr. Duangporn Ruthirako, an internist and neurological critically ill physician Bangkok International. Hospital said that heatstroke or heatstroke. According to the cause, they are:
- Classic heatstroke or non-exertional heatstroke is caused by being. In a high temperature environment. Causing body temperature to rise accordingly.
- Exertional heatstroke is often increased by working. Occurs more easily in people unaccustomed to hot weather.
There are also a number of other risk factors that make it more susceptible to heat stroke for some people. Such as being too young or too old. have congenital diseases such as heart disease, lung disease, obesity, rarely exercise. The use of certain drugs that cause loss of fluid or the body is unable to fully respond to elevated body temperature including drinking alcohol. It is also a contributing factor that causes abnormal body temperature regulation mechanisms to cause heat strokes. For example, in the case of traveling in a hot country or during a heat wave. The body can’t adapt easily, causing heat strokes easily.
Symptoms of heatstroke
Symptoms of heatstroke patients are body temperature of 40 degrees Celsius or more. Along with altered consciousness, confusion, restlessness, delirium, seizures, or loss of consciousness may occur. rapid heartbeat increased breathing rate Some patients have headaches. Nausea and vomiting The doctor will diagnose the disease by knowing the patient’s history of causes or risk factors for this condition. Physical examination reveals high body temperature along with systemic manifestations.
In some cases, it may be diagnosed in conjunction with blood tests. In some patients with pre-existing neurological diseases and disorders when exposed to high temperatures for a long time or have a condition that causes a very high body temperature, which may cause recurrence of neurological symptoms, such as patients with cerebrovascular disease, multiple sclerosis, or epilepsy, which the mechanism that triggers more symptoms is different for each person disease
Dangers of heatstroke
Dr. Phawit Luengvechkarn, Neurological Critical Care Physician Bangkok International Hospital. He added that heat stroke or heat stroke is different from stroke. Which usually causes weakness, numbness, difficulty speaking, and mouth. Acute disorientation or abnormal balance requiring urgent treatment. However, there are different approaches to diagnosis and treatment from heat stroke. This can cause many complications depending on how long the body has an unusually high temperature.
if not treated promptly May cause negative effects on various vital organs. Until it can lead to death, for example, brain diseases have the potential to cause seizures, cerebral edema, permanent damage to brain cells can cause muscle breakdown. (Rhabdomyolysis) affects Acute renal failure Loss of fluid resulting in reduced blood supply to the liver can lead to liver failure . Arrhythmias can lead to a heart attack. May cause acute respiratory distress syndrome. Bleed easily or a blood clot in the body
How to Prevent Heatstroke
The doctor suggests that the initial response can be done by lowering the body temperature.
- Take the patient to rest in the shade. or where there is air conditioning and a cooler temperature
- Remove and loosen clothing that is too tight to make the patient feel comfortable.
- You may wipe yourself with a cloth dampened with cold water. Or use ice packs on the head, neck, armpits and groin. or may use cold water spray
- Do not drink sugary drinks or alcoholic beverages. Because this type of drink will lose the body’s ability to regulate body temperature. including drinking cold water It can cause stomach spasms immediately.
However, heatstroke can be prevented as follows: wearing airy breathable clothing. If you know you’ll be in a hot climate, you may protect yourself from the sun by wearing sunglasses or a hat, as well as using a sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher, drinking enough water. Avoid strenuous exercise in hot and uncomfortable places. If a suspected patient is found to have symptoms that fall within the scope of the disease. You should contact a nearby emergency medical institution or hospital for help.